Modern fishing vessels range from one-person wooden rowboats equipped with hand or casting nets to large, steel-hulled ships that range far from their home ports and track their prey using the latest modern technology. Three main types of fishing ships over 40 m (130 ft) in length currently ply the world’s oceans: trawlers, seiners, and long liners.
1. Trawlers
Shrimp Boat
Modern fishing boats include trawlers, such as this commercial shrimp trawler, Miss Mona. After the trawler dredges for shrimp, winches hoist the nets, called trawls, up toward the two horizontal side booms.
Trawlers catch fish by dragging large nets over the seafloor or through the water, then hauling the nets aboard with motorized winches. The earliest trawlers were sail-powered. Diesel engines power modern trawlers, the largest of which reach 120 m (400 ft) in length. They are usually equipped with facilities for freezing their catch to keep it fresh until they reach shore. Large trawlers can store 8,400 cubic meters (296,600 cubic feet) of frozen fish. Trawlers hunt salmon, shrimp, haddock, and many other types of edible sea-dwelling organisms.
2. Seiners
Seiner
A fishing vessel in Alaskan waters uses a seine, a large fishing net with sinkers on one edge and floats on the other. A small net boat tows one end of the net to encircle fish. The net is then closed on the bottom and pulled up by the main vessel.
Seiners, like trawlers, catch fish in nets. But on seiners, the mouth of the net is drawn closed before it is hauled aboard. Seine fishing originated in Denmark in the middle of the 19th century and descended from casting nets from shore. Modern seiners normally operate throughout the North Atlantic Ocean, pursuing tuna and other fast-swimming species. They can also be found ranging across the warmer waters of the Pacific in search of tuna or off the coast of South America working the much depleted anchovy stocks (see Fisheries).
3. Long Liners
Long liners deploy long fishing lines with hundreds or even thousands of baited fishhooks spaced at intervals. The line is towed for a time and then hauled aboard so fishers can remove fish that have taken the hooks. Long liners tend to be smaller than fishing vessels that use nets—the largest fish for tuna in the Pacific Ocean and measure slightly over 60 m (200 ft) in length. These ships use fishing lines that extend over 100 km (60 mi) behind the ship. Other long liners fish for various species of cod in the North Atlantic.
1. Trawlers
Shrimp Boat
Modern fishing boats include trawlers, such as this commercial shrimp trawler, Miss Mona. After the trawler dredges for shrimp, winches hoist the nets, called trawls, up toward the two horizontal side booms.
Trawlers catch fish by dragging large nets over the seafloor or through the water, then hauling the nets aboard with motorized winches. The earliest trawlers were sail-powered. Diesel engines power modern trawlers, the largest of which reach 120 m (400 ft) in length. They are usually equipped with facilities for freezing their catch to keep it fresh until they reach shore. Large trawlers can store 8,400 cubic meters (296,600 cubic feet) of frozen fish. Trawlers hunt salmon, shrimp, haddock, and many other types of edible sea-dwelling organisms.
2. Seiners
Seiner
A fishing vessel in Alaskan waters uses a seine, a large fishing net with sinkers on one edge and floats on the other. A small net boat tows one end of the net to encircle fish. The net is then closed on the bottom and pulled up by the main vessel.
Seiners, like trawlers, catch fish in nets. But on seiners, the mouth of the net is drawn closed before it is hauled aboard. Seine fishing originated in Denmark in the middle of the 19th century and descended from casting nets from shore. Modern seiners normally operate throughout the North Atlantic Ocean, pursuing tuna and other fast-swimming species. They can also be found ranging across the warmer waters of the Pacific in search of tuna or off the coast of South America working the much depleted anchovy stocks (see Fisheries).
3. Long Liners
Long liners deploy long fishing lines with hundreds or even thousands of baited fishhooks spaced at intervals. The line is towed for a time and then hauled aboard so fishers can remove fish that have taken the hooks. Long liners tend to be smaller than fishing vessels that use nets—the largest fish for tuna in the Pacific Ocean and measure slightly over 60 m (200 ft) in length. These ships use fishing lines that extend over 100 km (60 mi) behind the ship. Other long liners fish for various species of cod in the North Atlantic.
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